A Romantic, Young Adult Novel, Paper Towns by John Green

Paper Towns by John Green is a somewhat romantic young adult novel. The novel’s overlying central idea is that people are not made of paper. They have dimensions; unexposed sides to themselves that the world may never see. A person can never truly be known, because the human mind is a complex thing, filled with nooks and crannies never to be exposed. Quentin, a nerdy high school senior, is, and always has been, infatuated with his next door neighbor Margo Roth Spiegelman. Quentin describes this situation by saying, â€Å"My miracle was this: out of all the houses in all the subdivision of Florida, I ended up living next to Margo Roth Spiegelman† (Green 1). Previously best friends, the two have become largely independent of one another, almost never speaking or even sharing a friendly glance. Until one night, Margo breaks into Q’s window and takes him on a wild night of revenge against her enemies. Expecting to run into Margo at school the next day, Quentin finds that she has gone missing, presumably run away. After learning about Margo’s tendency of leaving breadcrumb trails, Q soon discovers the clues, and they are for him. As a whole, the novel is quite cleverly broken up into three parts; The Strings, The Grass, and The Vessel. Each part of the novel corresponds with a metaphor of the same name. The first metaphor, the strings, takes a dark look at things. After the young Q and Margo find the body of a man who killed himself, Margo says, â€Å"Maybe all the stringsShow MoreRelatedEssay on John Green6381 Words   |  26 Pagestogether and allow imagination to be used freely within the contents of the novels. Now since there are many writers that can be noticed for their lasting contributions, there is one novelist that can stand out against many. 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The Portrayal of Strong, Ethnic Females in Literature free essay sample

This paper discusses the portrayal of strong, ethnic females in twentieth-century literature. This paper uses the characters of Janie from Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston and Rigoberta Menchu, from her autobiography, I, Rigoberta Menchu, An Indian Woman in Guatemala, to discuss the portrayal of strong, ethnic females in literature. The protagonist in Their Eyes decides to thwart conventional thinking and strike out on her own, seeking approval from herself. Janie decides that she is not content with a loveless marriage. She internally feels that the only true way to live is to live a life filled with love. Disenchanted with her state of affairs, she seeks confirmation of the voice and vision (Hurston 15) and wants to find the acknowledged answers (Hurston 16) to the questions she has inside. The decision to not be satisfied with status quo definitely aids Janie in the exploration of her purpose on earth. We will write a custom essay sample on The Portrayal of Strong, Ethnic Females in Literature or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Rigoberta too has a decision to make that will transform her life.

Strategies in Declining Product Markets free essay sample

There are many reasons why a market goes into decline, such as new technologies, changing customer characteristics or preferences, and the development of substitute products. (Cant Machado; 273) Promac Paints have successfully established itself in the building and painting market and have grown tremendously within a ten-year period. The launching of a revolutionary and inexpensive coating may possibly pose as a substantial threat to Promac Paints’ strong position in the market and may move Promac Paints into the declining stage of its product life cycle. Because of this, Promac Paints will have to consider the relative attractiveness of the market and decide on which strategies to follow in this possible declining phase. Before an organisation considers whether to divest or liquidate, it is important to analyse a market for its relative attractiveness, since not all markets decline at the same rate or in the same manner. (Cant Machado; 273) 2. Determining the Relative Attractiveness of the Declining Market 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategies in Declining Product Markets or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1. Factors Affecting the Relative Attractiveness of a Declining Market Promac Paints should consider three factors to help establish the attractiveness of a declining market: †¢ Conditions of Demand This entails establishing the rate of decline which will determine whether there can be orderly withdrawal, or if quick and drastic action is needed. (Cant Machado; 273) †¢ Exit barriers that affect the attractiveness of an industry Higher exit barriers will make the painting industry less attractive during the declining phase. †¢ The intensity of future competitive rivalry If the remaining competitive rivalry will be intense, it may not be worthwhile to remain in the market. 2. 2. Relative attractiveness of the Declining market for Promac Paints With the introduction of a new revolutionary and inexpensive paint, quick action might be necessary due to the technological innovation. Promac paints however do have a large base of loyal customers which may help them generate profits to help prolong their survival. In essence, paint is not seen as having a specialised nature, but promac paints have managed to specialise their product offering and easily understandable packaging. Promac paints’ customers have grown accustomed to knowing what product to choose by just looking at the colour band on the product. The exit barriers will be high for companies whose main focus and source of income is their paint products. Therefore it will definitely be a good idea for Promac to remain in business as long as possible. Businesses, like Builders warehouse, that do not focus on paint products as much and whose long-term survival is not as directly dependent on this will most probably not be as interested in remaining in the market and rather focus time and money on supplying more of their other products. Therefore the intensity of competitive rivalry may be a bit lower than previously. This can mean that it may be worth it for Promac Paints to remain in the market. 3. Strategies in the Decline Phase 3. 1. Possible Strategies that can be implemented †¢ Divest or liquidate If the market is highly unattractive, an organisation may choose to quit the industry by selling off its interests or liquidating them altogether. In making up its mind quickly, it may be able to sell off to other competitors who may still want to remain in the industry, and thus be able to recover some of its investment. Cant Machado: 275) †¢ A hold or maintenance strategy An organisation decides to maintain the investment levels by maintaining product quality, production or consumer loyalty. (Cant Machado: 275) †¢ A harvesting strategy An organisation will maximise the cash flow over the short term by reducing the investment and costs. It will try to manage its products and profitability while the volumes decline. (Cant Machado: 275) †¢ A niche strategy Here an organisation may identify one or more submarkets that are both sizeable and show some volume stability. Cant Machado: 275) †¢ Be a profitable survivor If the market characteristics are still relatively attractive, then an organisation may choose an aggressive strategy of trying to attain or maintain a leadership position. (Cant Machado: 276) 3. 2. Strategies Promac Paints Can Consider During the Decline Phase Because Promac Paints has a well established client base, it will be a good idea to consider remaining in the market in one or another way. Promac Paints should therefore focus on maintaining its favourable position in its current market. They can investigate the option of improving their current products to be able to compete with the new technology in some way and to invest in product innovation to see if there are possibilities of improving or matching this new technology. This should be done cost effectively to also be able to offer products at an affordable price to consumers. Depending on the feasibility of product innovation, Promac Paints can either choose to be a profitable survivor or to follow a niche strategy. The reason for this is that some customer do not accept new products as easily and may want to continue using the products they are accustomed to and know works well for them. If Promac Paints succeed in improving the new technology in some way, it will also be a good idea to continue offering the old product to this niche market and current customer base to give them time to grow accustomed to and to try out the new product. 4. Conclusion: Why Promac Paints can be a Profitable survivor in the Paint Industry By being the follower with the new technology, Promac Paints will have lower risks and can save costs by rather than having to educate customers on the benefits of this new and improved technology, inform them of the added advantages their product offering can offer them. Also, because Promac Paints focus on supplying quality products that satisfy the perceived value for money criterion demanded by the customer base, the impact of the price of the new inexpensive paint may be lowered to some extent. Promac can therefore continue to communicate the value of using their products, whether improved or not, instead of this new paint. Promac Paints have managed to become a respected and favoured paint provider in different market segments and have established itself firmly in the paint industry. With excellent profit margins and a large and loyal client base, Promac Paints are in the position to retain a profitable part of its market even with the introduction of a revolutionary and affordable paint. It will however in the long run be vital for Promac Paints to offer a paint similar or better than the current new paint. If not, the remaining client base will start shrinking to the extent that being in business may no longer be profitable.

Detailed Review of Ethical Identity Of IBs Essay Example

Detailed Review of Ethical Identity Of IBs Essay Example Detailed Review of Ethical Identity Of IBs Essay Detailed Review of Ethical Identity Of IBs Essay Identity, according to the Oxford Dictionary, is (1) absolute sameness; oneness; equality of two expressions for all values of the literal quantities, equation expressing this; (2) condition or fact that person or thing is itself and not something else; individuality, personality (The Oxford Dictionary 1984). In terms of corporate identity, the consistent visual symbols of the corporation fit the first linguistic definition, while the distinct attributes of the corporation (Balmer 1998, Bernstein 1984) or the reality and uniqueness of the organization (Gray and Balmer 2001 p. 1) fit the second definition. Hence, corporate identity can be the same and yet different (Bernstein 2003). Reviews of the literature on corporate identity indicate a plethora of definitions for the term, ranging from the tangible to intangible, and from the tactical to strategic (see Allessandri 2001, Melewar and Jenkins 2002 for a compilation of the various definitions). However, there is some agreement among researchers that the term is related to answering the questions what are we? And who are we? (Balmer and Greyser 2003) or what the firm is (Hawn, 1998, Portugal and Halloran 1986), hence referring to the distinct attributes of the organisation. Birkigt and Stadler (1986, as cited in Balmer 2001) suggest four elements of corporate identity: personality, behaviour, communication and symbolism, while van Rekom (1997) identifies three elements: essence features of the firm, features that set it apart from others and continuity of the features over time. According to Balmer and Soenen (1999) corporate identity encompasses three elements: the mind (the expressed organisational ethos, vision, strategy and product performance), the soul (distinctive corporate values of the firm) and the voice (the various ways of communicating to key stakeholder groups). In short, corporate identity is the bonding of strategy, structure, communication and culture, embracing both tangible (e. g. name, logo and colour) and intangible (e. g. firms behaviour and reputation) elements that make it distinctive (Balmer 2001, p. 280). Balmer and Soenen (1999) further operationalised four distinctive features of corporate identity using the mnemonic ACID, each letter representing a distinct identity type: actual, communicated, ideal and desired. Actual identity encompasses the business strategy, values and philosophy, corporate culture and structure (Gray and Balmer 1998) while communicated identity is closely linked to image and reputation, which in turn leads to the realisation of desired (what corporate management wants it to be) and ideal identities (what stakeholders see as optimal). Since their exists an explicit covenant or a promise (Johansson and Hirano 1999, Mitchell 1999) between an organisation and its key stakeholders, corporate identity must be managed so as to ensure alignment between the various identities suggested by Balmer and Soenen (1999). This entails communicating and behaving in a manner that leaves a pleasant impression with key stakeholders (Cornellisson and Elving 2003). One of the avenues through which information about corporate identity (e. g. its ideology, management philosophy, products, commitments to society, etc. ) is communicated is the corporate annual report. Hence, managing information disclosure in corporate annual reports in a consistent and pleasing manner will produce a positive corporate image an over time will produce a positive corporate reputation (Allesandri 2001). In other words, through proper communication management, companies can build their reputation, which may lead to competitive advantage (see the operational model for managing corporate identity by Gray and Balmer 1998) and will pay off in both operational and financial ways (Dowling 2001), as well as ensure business survival (Balmer and Stotvig 1997, van Riel and Balmer 1997). Islamic banks are representative of a new wave of corporations whose social goals are at least (if not more) as important as making profit. Based on the definition by Gray and Balmer (2001), such corporations fit what they described as having ethical identity. They studied two such corporations. Migros and Patagonia to find commonalities that exist between them. Berrone et al. (2005) assessed the impact of corporate ethical identity on the firms financial performance and their results indicate that revealed ethics (aspects of communication of the ethical identity) have informational worth and enhance shareholder value, while applied ethics (all actions and policies considered as ethical and beyond communication of ethical values) have a positive impact through the improvement of stakeholder satisfaction. Since commonalities already exist between Islamic banks, as they are based on the Islamic ethical business framework drawn from the Shariah (Islamic law, often referred to as ethics in action), it would be interesting to assess whether an ethical identity gap exists and its implications on corporate branding and corporate image and reputation. Hence, in this article, we attempt to assess the degree of variation of communicated ethical identity (as disclosed in the corporate annual report) against a benchmark of ideal ethical identity (checklist constructed based on Islamic precepts) for the Islamic banking sector where trust is vital. Specifically, we measure the degree of ethical identity of seven Islamic banks in the Arabian Gulf region based on their corporate annual reports for the years 2002-2004 inclusive, using what we term an Ethical Identity Index (EII). The reason for confining our scope to Islamic banks in the Arabian Gulf region is because these countries share a similar socio-economic structure, which as such enables us to control for macro and cultural effects and make comparison and interpretations more meaningful. We chose corporate annual reports rather than other media of communication in assessing communicated ethical identity because they offer a snapshot of managements mindset in a particular period (Neimark 1992), have greater potential to influence due to widespread distribution (Adams and Harte 1998), are more accessible for research purposes and are used by a number of stakeholders as the sole source of certain corporate information (Deegan and Rankin 1997). The results of our survey, analysis and discussion constitute a further contribution to corporate identity, corporate communication, corporate social responsibility and Islamic banking literature. The article proceeds as follows. The next section presents a literature review on various aspects of Islamic banking and discusses what constitutes the ideal ethical identity based on the Islamic precepts. The third section describes the research method. The fourth section presents our results and discussion, followed by the conclusions, implications and avenues for further research in the final section.

Review of Reading Eggs for Children Ages 4 to 8

Review of Reading Eggs for Children Ages 4 to 8 Reading Eggs is an interactive online program intended for children ages 4-8 and designed to teach children how to read or to build on existing reading skills. The program was originally developed in Australia by Blake Publishing but brought to schools in the United States by the same company that developed Study Island, Archipelago Learning. The premise behind Reading Eggs is to engage students in a fun, interactive program that initially builds a foundation for learning to read and eventually guides them towards reading to learn. The lessons found in Reading Eggs are designed to tie into the five pillars of reading instruction. The five pillars of reading instruction include phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Each of these components is necessary for children to master if they are going to be expert readers. Reading Eggs provides an alternative avenue for students to master these concepts. This program is not intended to replace traditional classroom instruction, instead, it is a supplemental tool in which students can hone and build the skills which they are being taught at school. There are 120 total lessons found in the Reading Eggs program. Each lesson builds on a concept taught in the previous lesson. Each lesson has between six and ten activities that students will complete to master the overall lesson. Lessons 1 through 40 are designed for students who have very little reading skills. Children will learn their first reading skills at this level including sounds and names of the alphabet letters, reading sight words, and learning essential phonics skills. Lessons 41 through 80 will build on those skills previously learned. Children will learn more high-frequency sight words, build word families, and read both fiction and nonfiction books designed to build their vocabulary. Lessons 81 through 120 continue to build on previous skills and will provide activities for children to read for meaning, comprehension, and to continue to increase vocabulary. Here are some key components of Reading Eggs. Its Teacher/Parent-Friendly Reading Eggs is easy to add a single student or a whole class.Reading Eggs has terrific reporting that makes it easy to monitor individual student or whole class progress.Reading Eggs provides teachers with a downloadable letter to send home to parents. The letter explains what Reading Eggs is and provides login information for students to work on the program at home at no additional cost. It also provides parents with the opportunity to have an account to track their child’s progress at no additional cost.Reading Eggs provides teachers with a comprehensive user guide as well as toolkit loaded with books, lesson plans, resources, and activities. The teacher toolkit has several books and activities that they can use in conjunction with their Smart Board to interactively teach lessons to the whole class. Its Instructional With Diagnostic Components Reading Eggs provides teachers and parents with the opportunity to assign specific lessons to students. For example, if a kindergarten teacher is teaching the letter â€Å"K†, the teacher can go in and assign the lesson over the letter â€Å"K† to all of the students to reinforce that concept.Reading Eggs also provides teachers and parents with the option of giving each child a diagnostic placement test. This test consists of forty questions. When the child misses three questions, then the program assigns them to the appropriate lesson that corresponds to how they did on the placement test. This allows students to skip past concepts which they have already mastered and places them at the level in the program where they should be.Reading Eggs allows teachers and parents to reset a student’s progress at any time in the program. Its Fun and Interactive Reading Eggs has kid friendly themes, animations, and songs.Reading Eggs allows users to create and personalize their own unique avatar.Reading Eggs provides users with motivation by providing incentives and rewards. Each time they complete an activity, they are rewarded with golden eggs. Their eggs are kept in their â€Å"eggy bank† which they can use to buy reward games, clothes for their avatar, or accessories for their house. In addition, when a user completes a lesson they earn an animated â€Å"critter†, which they collect as they go through the program.Reading Egg lessons are set up similar to a board game where you move from stepping stone to another by completing an activity. Once you have completed each activity, then you have completed that lesson and get to move on to the next lesson. Reading Eggs Is Comprehensive Reading Eggs has hundreds of extra learning activities and games aside from those in the standard 120 reading lessons.The Playroom is loaded with over 120 learning activities covering a wide range of topics ranging from letter reinforcement to art.My World allows students to visit eight destinations loaded with fun, interactive activities.Story Factory allows students to write and build their own stories and then enter them into a weekly story writing competition.Puzzle Park gives students a chance to earn some more Golden Eggs by completing word puzzles and practicing sight word recognition.The Arcade is a place where students can use their earned Golden Eggs to play much fun, interactive reading games.Driving Tests contains assessments covering sights words, phonics skills, and content area vocabulary. If a student satisfactorily completes a test, they are rewarded a racing car game which they can play to earn more golden eggs.Skills Bank is designed to build a student’s ski lls in spelling, vocabulary, grammar, and punctuation. Music Cafà © allows students to access and play their favorite songs that hear within a lesson. Its Structured Reading Eggs provides students with a comprehensive dashboard located on the left of their screen. This dashboard keeps track of which lesson they are on, how many golden eggs they have earned, and allows them access to their stuff and all the other places they can go to the program.Reading Eggs forces students into order by padlocking activities. You must complete activity one to open activity two.Reading Eggs also locks components such as My World, Puzzle Park, the Arcade, Driving Tests, Skills Bank until a user has mastered the appropriate number of lessons to have developed the skills necessary to use those components. Research on Reading Eggs Reading Eggs has been proven to be an effective tool for children to learn how to read. A study was conducted in 2010 that paralleled the features and components of the Reading Eggs program to essential elements that students must comprehend and possess to be able to read. Reading Eggs uses a variety of effective, research-based learning activities that motivate students to successfully complete the program. The web-based design features those components that have been proven to be highly effective in getting children to be high functioning readers. Overall Impression Reading Eggs is an exceptional early literacy program for parents of young children as well as schools and classroom teachers. Children love using technology and they love to get rewards and this program combines both of them effectively. In addition, the research-based program successfully incorporates the five pillars of reading. You may feel concerned if you think young children may be overwhelmed by the program, but the tutorial in the help section was terrific. Overall, Reading Eggs deserves five out of five stars, because it is a wonderful teaching tool that children will want to spend hours using.

Total Rewards Programs Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Total Rewards Programs - Research Paper Example According to the paper in spite of the age old concept, worth noting is that total rewards is especially relevant in the present-day work environment, whereby globalization has made it possible for employees to work in diverse environments. The following total rewards system proposal seeks to focus on the latest available information with regard to creating, organizing as well as effectively managing a total rewards program. The program is targeted for the ABC Company, a service-based organization that employs more than 20,000 located in 17 different countries. There are also over 2,000 management level employees who speak in diverse languages. In consideration of the multiple regulatory environments, a total rewards systems is proposed. Firstly, a brief overview of the company requirements for a total rewards system is provided. A total rewards strategy has then been formulated and the various advantages of the proposed strategy explained. Further, the key communication components o f the system are established. Lastly, but certainly not least, a strategy has been examined for devising a competitive pay structure. The total reward program is holistic and does not rely on one or two reward systems operating in isolation. Further, there is good account of every manner in which people can obtain satisfaction and are rewarded through their work. The objective of total rewards is to maximize the combined impact of a wide range of reward initiatives on motivation, organizational commitment and job engagement. This concept aims to blend the financial as well as non-financial reward elements into a cohesive whole. As put by O’Neal   Ã¢â‚¬Å"total reward embraces everything that employees value in the employment relationship.† WorldatWork also offer an equally wide definition of total reward, stating that â€Å"all of employer’s available tools that may be used to attract, retain, motivate and satisfy employees.† Overview of company requireme nts for a total rewards system From this paper it is clear that there is an increasing need for corporations to come up with reward systems that motivate employees to work harder and more effectively. These systems usually teach associates the importance of being productive and efficient, as well as their inherent value in companies. However, considering the pressures associated with incentives or performance, or even ineffective implementation procedures, in some situations, these systems can encourage unethical or even unwanted behaviors . Therefore, to attract and retain the best workers, corporations need to have an appropriate rewards system that will always reward and encourage workers to always remain focused on producing the best quality services in an efficient manner, thereby meeting the needs of customers. This corporation needs a reward system that will be linked with goal-setting, competency measures and employee development. A reward system will help the corporation in moving toward a better alignment between company strategies and values and performance management. This will help in decentralizing the decision-making down company hierarchy to help in empowering every manager located in different parts of the world.  

World History - Julius Caesar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

World History - Julius Caesar - Essay Example Great as a general, great as a politician, great as a far seeing statesman, great as an orator, great as an historian and a man of letters---Julius Caesar does indeed, as Shakespeare makes Cassius so grudgingly avow, ‘bestride the narrow world like a colossus.† (Canning, 2005) Born in July 102 B.C., Gaius Julius Caesar belonged to a highly prominent Julian family lineage, which sought its roots in the royal, aristocratic and divine ancestry. But even then he had natural tendencies towards democratic state of government since his early youth. His family set up and relations also paved the way towards his attachment with the democratic Popular Party, where his aunt had got married to the party leader Marius. Julius also married Cinna’s daughter, another popular leader of the same party, which created lots of problems for the young Julius, because the political rival of both Marius and Cinna i.e. Sulla had obtained the reigns of the government, who forced Julius divorce his wife, but he managed to escape rather deserting his wife and leaving her in the lurch. The Roman government of Caesarian era had been under the unabated influence of the Roman gods and goddesses; it is why the public used to expect the same performances and heroic deeds from their military personnel and the young individuals. Hence, the Rome of Julius Caesar had been clouded with military expeditions and adventures, and a successful military commander was adored by the people of his times. It is therefore as a shrewd and intelligent young man, Julius rightly viewed that performing something extraordinary during his military career might win popularity and recognition for him. By 81 B.C. he joined the Roman army during its campaign against the King of Pontus named Mithridates. It was perhaps the heavenly-blessed opportunity for Julius to display his gallant deeds, at the moment when he saved one of his comrades at the