Satire A Modest Proposal And The Rape Of The Lock

In this paper, satire in A Modest Proposal and The Rape of the Lock will be discussed. The satire within these two texts will be linked by showing how each writer attacked the accepted way of life or common belief in order to present their own opinion on the matter. What makes these two writings a good comparison is that although one is in essay form and the other in poetic form, they are both from the same time period; they were written 17 years apart in the beginning of the 18th century. This is advantageous for comparison because they both are attacking the same wealthy class in England, and it can be seen in the texts as their points are very similar. These two writings are two of the better examples of using satire to pass a message, as they both touch upon the issues of class, economics, and social standards. Therefore, this paper will examine the tools the writers used to successfully pass their message, then illustrate that these tools allowed them to present just how detache d the wealthy were from the poor and how something should be done to help the plight of those struggling to live, let alone succeed. When comparing the two texts and their satire, it is clear that the tone is completely different in both. While Jonathon Swift’s A Modest Proposal brings about outrage and shock, Alexander Pope’s The Rape of the Lock is more gentle and witty. While reading these, it is important to look at the changes in tone, and what those changes attempted to accomplish. AnotherShow MoreRelated Contrast Between Satire in The Rape Of The Lock and A Modest Proposal1679 Words   |  7 PagesContrast Between Satire in The Rape Of The Lock and A Modest Proposal   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although Alexander Popes, The Rape Of The Lock and Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal are both witty satires, they differ on their style, intention, and mood. To begin, in The Rape Of The Lock, Alexander Pope uses Horation satire to invoke a light, whimsical, melancholy mood to illustrate the absurdity of fighting over the cutting of ones hair. In fact, Horation satire is defined by K. Lukes as a deviceRead More Comparison of Popes The rape of the Lock and Swifts A Modest Proposal765 Words   |  4 Pages Although Alexander Popes, The Rape of the Lock, and Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal are both witty satires, they differ on their style, intention, and mood. To begin, in The Rape of the Lock, Alexander Pope uses satire to invoke a capricious, melancholy mood to illustrate the absurdity of fighting over the cutting of ones hair. Hidden inside this poem is a crafty criticism of the society that helps create the crisis over the stolen lock. A Society in which appearances ere more importantRead MoreA Modest Rape : The Eighteenth Century And The Power Of Satire1715 Words   |  7 PagesLinda Rector May 14, 2015 ENG 215 Final Research Paper A Modest Rape: The Eighteenth Century and the Power of Satire During the restoration in the eighteenth century, wit and reason came to the forefront of literary works. Keen intellect and sharp observation exposed moral corruption of the neoclassic British society through the use of satiric literature. Although they placed importance on the ideals of order, knowledge, and rational, there was an underlying obsession with maintaining a faà §ade ofRead MoreA Modest Proposal By Johnathon Swift801 Words   |  4 Pages1) In his â€Å"A Modest Proposal†, Johnathon Swift employs no shortage of phrases that dehumanize the Irish people. He likens women and the poor to â€Å"breeders,† implying that the only thing they are good for in life is to procreate and profit from their offspring. He goes on to reference, â€Å"child dropped from its dam,† as if making a comparison between women and animals. Swift furthers that with talk of allowing a number of women for breeding reserves, and it being more than the allotted number to thatRe ad MoreEssay about A Swift Change Is Imminent1714 Words   |  7 PagesAt a first glance, a misogynist’s paradise is apparent when perceiving Jonathan Swift’s The Lady’s Dressing Room and a cannibalistic one in A Modest Proposal. However, Swift’s intricate feelings do not depict Ireland’s crude social convention, but rather for Swift’s revolutionary vitriolic satire, which permeates humanity’s blindness through political stand points. By using grotesque metaphors, to open the figurative eyes of the public, Swift’s poetry forced society to analyze the ways of livingRead More 18th Century Literature Essay648 Words   |  3 Pagesmoral life. The Rape of the Lock and Epigrams by Alexander Pope, and quot;A Modest Proposalquot; and Gullivers Travels by Jonathan Swift are some examples from the Age of Pope or the Neoclassical age. Most of the literary works in this period used satirical styles to express a concern in society. quot;Puffs, powders, patches, Bibles, billet-douxquot;, from The Rape of the Lock shows an example of pathos a satirical device used in this age of literature. Jonathan Swift also uses satire in GulliversRead MoreThe Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wylde658 Words   |  3 Pagesattempts to demonstrate to us that the upper class is uninformed, and not educated. Extension and a tone of mock seriousness are also significant in satirising education in this play. Again, this quote can be used to depict another feature of educational satire: â€Å"The whole theory of modern education is radically unsound. Fortunately in England, at any rate, education produces no effect whatsoever. If it did, it would prove a serious danger to the upper classes, and probably lead to acts of violence in GrosvenorRead MoreEssay about Contrasting Neo-Classic and Pre-Romantic Literature1153 Words   |  5 Pages571). Moderation and temperance were both fashionable, for they facilitated conformity, which was prized over individual deviation. For example, Alexander Pope’s â€Å"The Rape of the Lock† criticizes the absurd overindulgences and frivolity of high society, blatantly suggesting a more practical alternative, all the while framing the satire in the classical allusions that define neo-classicism (Anderson et al. 846). The age was one of realism and could be described as a mature period of literature,Read MoreLiterary Analysis of The Rape of the Lock Essays1922 Words   |  8 Pagestime period today. The Rape of the Lock, his most notable publication, was actually inspired by the real world event when a Lord Petre cut of a lock of Arabella Fermors hair. Form, structure, and plot: The poem is a mock epic divided into 5 short cantos, very similar in form to Shakespeares acts. The first act is a kind of exposition, giving background information about Belinda. Canto 2 introduces the conflict--the Barons desire to cut off and steal Belindas locks; canto 3 encompasses the

A Philip Randolph - 1711 Words

A. Philip Randolph Daneka Ruiz Born on April 15, 1889 in Crescent City, Florida, Reverend James W. and Elizabeth Randolph gave birth to their second son, Asa Philip Randolph. James worked as a tailor and minister, while Elizabeth worked as a seamstress. Both of his parents were supporters of equality for African Americans as well as general human rights. Being black during that era meant having to live through difficult circumstances while striving to survive. Through the guidance and nurture from his parents, Asa inherited his compassion and drive towards racial inequality. In 1891, the Randolph’s moved to Jacksonville, Florida, which had a positive, and well-established African American community. Asa and his brother were†¦show more content†¦At an early age Asa was shown just how cruel the world of racism could be after him and his father were returning clothing that the Reverend had repaired. The client, being a white man, became angry and embarrassed that a black man would walk onto a white man’s property, and therefore chased them both out. On another occasion, Reverend James was approached by a group of African American men who whispered something in his ear. Upon hearing the news, the Reverend fetched his shotgun, gave it to his wife, loaded his pistol, and left. A black man had been accused of raping a white woman and was thrown in jail. Rumors were floating around that the accused man would be lynched by an angry white mob. Reverend James and a few others marched to the police station in hopes of defending the man. There was a small chance of the man having a fair trial, but at least he had not been lynched. Because continuing education was not the norm for African Americans, Asa and his brother looked for work after graduating high school. Asa landed a job at the Union Life insurance Company. He then floated from job to job. Reverend James had different anticipations for his boys. Knowing that his first born never really followed his faith, he turned to Asa in hopes of him becoming a minister. The reverend felt that he would be ideal due to his experience in public speaking and popularity, but Asa was not so sure. He was more interested in what the future held for African Americans. At thatShow MoreRelatedA. Philip Randolph1398 Words   |  6 PagesAsa Philip Randolph Although, often looked over Asa Philip Randolph achieved extraordinary feats for the plight of the African American during his lifetime. Early involvement in the Socialist Party set the pace for his radical monthly magazine, the Messenger. With some experience with labor unions in New York, his first immense effort was the organization of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. In 1941 he and two other colleagues suggested the March on Washington, to protest racial discriminationRead MoreBayard Rustin And The Civil Rights Movement1338 Words   |  6 Pagesdemonstrations as well as a great perspective analysis of movement trends which earned him respect from all quarters in the civil rights movement. He also played a critical behind the scenes role as an advisor to both Martin Luther King Jr and A. Philip Randolph through which he was able to greatly influence the course of the civil rights struggle after the Second World War. He was the pioneer of non-violent direct action tactic s during his time as the race relations secretary for the pacifist FellowshipRead MoreSocial Movements Of Philip Randolph And The Civil Rights Movement988 Words   |  4 Pagesdeserve. Philip Randolph played an important role in the movement against discrimination. For a considerable length of time, Randolph, lead and organized the sleeping car union, where African Americans had long ago become a huge part of the workforce. These employments were a portion of the best occupations that could be gotten by African Americans. By doing this, Philip Randolph set himself as a critical figure in the American labor development. Born on April 15, 1880, Philip Randolph grew to becomeRead More Thomas Hardys The Sons Veto, Graham Greenes The Basement Room and alan Sillitoes Uncle Ernest1496 Words   |  6 Pageslittle she could access. However in The Basement Room by Graham Greene Philips opening description doesnt bring attention to his appearance but to his current situation. Philip has been left alone with his keepers, yet his seven nursery years meant that he was master of the house due to his wealthy parents. Philips age is already a problem and the reader becomes aware of the starting point of the story. Sophys and Ernests isolation is a result of experiences in their lives. ErnestRead MoreConflict Between Native Indians And The White English Settlers1204 Words   |  5 Pagescollection of source documents touch upon on what each group (Indian or white settlers) did to survive: an excerpt from a narrative written by John Easton, a second hand account written by Thomas Church, a report written to the English leaders by Edward Randolph, a petition written by an Indian named William Nahton, and an excerpt of an account from a book written by Mary Rowlandson. These documents illustrate the main causes that sparked the war between the Native Indians and the white English settlersRead MoreThe Segregation Of The South1386 Words   |  6 Pagesdemocracy. This Double-V campaign helped gather more support for the campaign and with the help of A. Philip Randolph, made the revolution more than just some words on a paper. A. Philip Randolph, head of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, proposed a large scale March on Washington, in hopes to scare the government into giving more working rights, and be able to fight for their country. Randolph used the march as a scare tactic to get what he wanted. He proclaimed that â€Å"[The Government] willRead MoreEssay on What ´s Yellow Journalism?748 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Spanish American War. Then newspaper owners William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer began having the sinking of the USS Maine all over the front pages. The dramatic style of yellow journalism contributed to creating public support for the Spanish American War. The term yellow journalism came from a popular New York World comic called ‘’Hogan’s Alley,’’ which featured a yellow dressed character named the ‘’yellow kid’’. William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer were the owners of the newspaperRead MoreCastro Essay 3909 Words   |  4 Pagesfreedoms intended for? In 1941, the civil rights leader A. Philip Randolph threatened to lead a large number of African Americans through Washington to help protest discrimination against blacks from industries in the United States. He let president Roosevelt know that they were not against America, they were against their lack of freedom, and the injustices African Americans have had to face and live with for generations.. Randolph stated. â€Å"That is why those familiar with the thinking of the AmericanRead MoreThe Era Of Franklin D. Roosevelt And The Civil Rights Movement1251 Words   |  6 Pagesspiritual well-being† (p.147). Du Bois would resign shortly after according to Polenberg. Another active black civil rights leader was A. Philip Randolph, who was more prominent with Roosevelt and in the government. Randolph had also been a leader in the NAACP. Randolph was just like White and wanted segregation over, but Randolph took a more active approach. Randolph organized a march to take p lace in Washington. He wanted the end of segregation in industry by having FDR withhold defense contracts forRead MoreBlack Voices : The Harlem Renaissance1587 Words   |  7 Pagestheir people, but on America. Another man whose voice emerged at the time was Philip Randolph. Randolph grew up with a relatively normal life, but after college he wanted to move to New York City to pursue acting. During this time, he upheld several jobs and studied at a small college there in the city. Philip Randolph, aside from being interested in acting, was especially interested in the Civil Rights movement. Randolph became a Civil Rights activist and fought for all people of color. Many of the

Federal vs. State Policy Free Essays

A public policy is the body of principles that underpin the operation of legal systems in each state. In this paper I am going to talk about federal along with state policies. I will discuss each of the policies and how they are similar and how they are different. We will write a custom essay sample on Federal vs. State Policy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Federal and State policies are made to help keep our Country running smoothly. If there were no policies then keeping our Country safe would be a hard task. Policies are principles that are set to help make our Country operate on a daily bases.I like to think of it as rules that are set to keep our Country safe; because if there were no rules then everyone would be doing their own thing which could cause for a very disorganized situation. We see police officers out on the streets making sure that everyone is abiding by the laws that are set. Noadays there are laws against speeding, talking on cell phones while driving, texting while driving along with murder, kidnapping and many more laws. These laws where not always in place they were added as they were needed and once they were made a law they have always stayed that way. If we look at cell phones for instance this is a somewhat new thing and that state officers are seeing that there are problems with the use of cell phones. Slowly but surely states are making laws to ban cell phone usage while driving to help keep citizen safe from individuals who lack concentration while driving. The federal government never viewed themselves as the group that would be responsible for crime within the United States. The federal government would have a role when it came to extreme criminal behavior.Crimes such as bank robbery, kidnapping, and tax evasion would be crimes that they would be involved in (Marion Oliver, 2006). The federal government is always there to help the state police agencies when they need the help or assistance in the criminal justice organization. What role does the Federal Government play in the policy making processes? The federal government â€Å"can regulate a virtually unlimited range of activities believed to contribute to street crime ( assault, rape, robbery, burglary, drug dealing, murder) white-collar crime (fraud, deceptive usiness practices, illegal financial transations) (Marion Oliver, 2006 p. 354). † The federal government has been more involved in the control of policy within the past 40 years (Marion Oliver, 2006). The federal government is able to regulate crime within certain areas. The federal government has certain units that are responsible for certain types of criminal activities. The federal government is able to come up with the policy. They can write it and they can provide the finance that is needed to implement the policy. They are able to encourage the local along with state agencies to enforce or follow the policy. The federal government along with state agenvcies need to work together to make the policies to beome a law. If congress passes a federal law then the federal agencies are able to enforce that law. If it is federal then they are able to take action but if it is not federal then they need to local and state agencies to go out and enforce the policies. The important thing to keep in mind is that full and complete understanding of the policy needs to be made clear to all who will be responsible for enforing the policy or law. The federal government is huge we all are aware of that.If we look at it from a business point of view they are the biggest out there. With this said because they are huge it makes it so that they are able to â€Å"provide human, financial, and informational resources†¦. and is in a unique position to coordinate†¦. interjurisdictional anticrime plans (Marion Oliver, 2006 p. 354). † This is were the federal government is most powerfull. I life money is power and lets face it the federal government has a lot of it. This makes it so that the federal government has a huge impact on the criminal justice system.We see how the federal government gives grants to local and state police agencies and these fund help to fight crime. The federal government helps tremendously when it comes to the United State fighting crime. Providing funds to police agencies makes and has made big changes in policing and we can thank the federal government for providing this aspect. State agenies and policies are complex to say the least. Unlike federal government the state dose not have the â€Å"control over the functioning of theses agencies (Marion Oliver, 2006 p. 356). The state however can set policies along with procedures that the law enforcement agency is to follow. The state level is also able to set standards for training, certification along with recertification all of these local law enforcement is required to follow what the state sets. The state also is a go between so to speak for the local and federal agencies. If there are grants for instance it may be given to the state and then the state will pass it on to the local agenicies. I like to think of policies as pre laws they are not a law yet but they are on there way.Federal and State are ableto set policies and enforce policies. State has local law enforcement to enfocrce the laws. If it is a law the the federal government needs to enforce they are able to do so. If a crime is specialize that Congress has past then the federal government is able to enforce that policy. Also the federal government has the power to provide funding to the state to help them enforce a policy. They are like a big business that has the man power along with the funds needed to make big things happen and to make pivotal change in a business.The federal government has the ability to make big changes in the criminal justice system because of the funds and grants that they are able to supply so that the state can enforce the policies. At the same time the state does not have the same power that the federal government has. The state is able to put forth their own policies and enforce them but the federal government has more abilities then that of the state.Reference Marion, N. E. , Oliver, W. M. (2006). The public policy of crime and criminal justice. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. How to cite Federal vs. State Policy, Papers

Golden Age of Painting Essay Example For Students

Golden Age of Painting Essay With the use of the new techniques and mediums, painting had come a long way from mariner grace days With no sense Of dept or emotion, o precise three dimensional illusions on flat surfaces. This paper will review major painting techniques, developed and enhanced during Renaissance, which enabled this transformation. Many art historians consider Ghetto as the first Renaissance painter. He has abandoned the long-prevailed Byzantine style by pioneering a naturalistic approach of representation based on observation. His methods of pictorial expression based on observation initiated an early scientific age, which recognized the fact that the visual world mum SST he observed before it can be analyzed and understood (Klein 381). Ghetto achieved a sense of spatial PPTP and restored naturalism, simplicity and restraint to painting (Frazier 272). Lamentation toreros reveals the essentials of his style. The strong diagonal rock in Lamentation gets viewers attention to Chrisms head which is not at the center. This fresco is composed of different groups which contribute overall composition of the painting. By managing light and shade in a stage like setting, he was able to add a volume and perspective to the painting. The use of the contrast of light and dark to add volume was one of the earliest examples towards the development of the chiaroscuro technique. Furthermore, his stage like settings could be considered as an early example Of the use perspective (Kline 383). Lamentation is much more realistic in depicting the narrative since there is a sense Of emotion in figures faces depicting the dramatic nature Of the scene, and therefore displacing the Byzantine style. Italy was in the heart of the Renaissance movement in the fields of architecture and sculpture. However, in painting it was joined by another region of primary artistic influence and achievement, Northern Europe. The Italian Renaissance painting mainly treated biblical and lassie subjects, while the painting in the Northern region featured scenes from everyday life (Van Dyke 221). One Flemish artist, Jan van Check perfected the oil painting technique where the particles of color were suspended in an oil- based medium. Using fast-drying oil, Van Check built up his pictures by applying translucent paint layers or glazes on an opaque monochrome understanding (Frazier 488). Compared to egg based tempera, which was the material to choice for most painters in 14th century, oil medium allowed artists to create richer colors with intense tonality, the illusion of glowing light, and enamel-like surfaces Klein ICC)_ Van Cocks Giovanni Arranging and His Bride was one of the finest examples of oil paintings of the time. He has skillfully used oil medium to create the light effects adding volume and depth to the painting. Every object was painted in great detail. Looking at the dog one can see its tiniest hairs with the right amount Of coloring and shadowing. The convex mirror, complete With its spatial distortion, is another object that catches viewers eye. The scenes credibility is augmented With mirror, because the viewers can see not only the principles, Arranging and his wife, but also two persons who look into the room wrought the door (Klein, 403). Finally, the lighting and the sense Of depth in the painting could not have been made possible without the oil painting and his creativity. The viewer feels like he or SSH e is looking directly at the scene. According to Read, the observation of detail and control of the medium are both masterly (267), Many examples of iconography can he seen in the painting. The objects and accessories depicted refer to the holiness of matrimony. Some of the important ones mentioned in Klein are, the cast-aside clogs indicating that that the event takes place on holy ground, the little dog symbolizes the fidelity, inn Saint Margaret statue in the bedpost symbolizing the patron Of childbirth, oranges on the chest symbolizing territory, the single burning candle in chandelier and the mirror symbolizing the all-seeing eye of God (402,403). .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 , .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 .postImageUrl , .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 , .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071:hover , .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071:visited , .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071:active { border:0!important; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071:active , .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071 .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u35b591c580997a9c97e59db402d07071:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Analysis Of Rembrandt EssayIn the 14th century, Italian artists, such as Disco and the Lorgnette brothers, had used several devices to indicate distance, but with the development of linear perspective by Brucellosis, Early Renaissance artists acquired a way to make the illusion of distance certain and consistent (Klein ASS)_ The linear perspective helped artists to translate a three dimensional space on a tow-dimensional lane allowing them to rationalize the sight. There were two major kinds at the time, one-point and two-point perspective. The difference between the two is the number of vanishing points in the horizon line. Two-point perspective has two vanishing points, and therefore allowing the artists describe the objects from different angles in the painting. A good one-point perspective example is Leonardo dad Vines Last Supper. There is a clear sense of dimensionality and the alignment of the doors supports the feeling depth in the room. Chrisms head is the focal point of all converging perspective lines in the composition. He skillfully integrated the two. Emotional, the three-dimensional, and psycho dimensional focuses to Chrisms head. In this painting, Leonardo revealed his broad knowledge about the observable world to the pictorial representation of a religious scene, resulting in psychologically complex and compelling painting (Klein, 460). Titans Madonna to the Pesaro Family is a good two-point perspective example. The scene takes place in what may be Madonnas palace in heaven. In the painting, Titan did n ot compose a horizontal and symmetrical arrangement as in Leonardo Last Supper. By utilizing a two-point perspective he rather placed the figures on a steep diagonal block with the positioning of the Madonna being well off the central axis. This kind of composition is more dynamic than most Remains seance examples and set the stage for a new kind of pictorial design built on movement rather than repose (Klein, 486), In the late 15th century, with the contribution of Leonardo dad Vinci, atmospheric perspective had emerged. Atmospheric perspective was an important accomplishment serving Renaissance artists need to enhance the sensation of a three-dimensional space. It is essentially an optical phenomenon Where distant objects appear less distinct and bluish then they would be nearby. Furthermore, color saturation and value contrast diminish as the Object recedes into distance (Klein, 425). The advances in optical science and the need to enhance the illusion Of three dimensions on a bono dimensional plane had caused the development of another tech unique, called chiaroscuro. This is a painting technique that uses tones, highlights and shadows to create the impression of depth. It is a technique that may achieve theatrical effect. The artists who explored and pioneered Harcourt were Sebastian del Bimbo, Raphael, and Gigolo Romano (Frazier 134). One of the good examples of chiaroscuro is Conversion of Saint Paul by Aggravation, He has used perspective, chiaroscuro, and dramatic lighting in a dark background to bring viewers into this paintings space and action, almost as it they were participants in Saint Palls conversion to Christianity (Klein 537), Leonardo dad Vinci had invented another technique in painting, called suffuse, means smoky in Italian. As the name suggests it refers to a blending of color that creates the smoky or foggy effect characteristic of his paintings. It is particularly detectable in distance views where atmospheric perspective is expressed by a blurred and bluish view. Like chiaroscuro, suffuse manipulates light and dark, however unlike the strong contrast that chiaroscuro exploits, stomata fuses the two in a harmony (Prairie 429). Leonardo Mona Lisa, which is a true masterpiece painting in the history of art, exploits the combination all three techniques, atmospheric perspective, chiaroscuro, and suffuse. Hazy bluish background of atmospheric perspective is giving a depth to the background, and therefore enhancing the portrait Of Mona Lisa at the front, it almost feels like she is sitting n a balcony with a distant view. The use of light on Mona Aliass face and chest is a truly unique application of chiaroscuro. .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db , .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db .postImageUrl , .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db , .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db:hover , .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db:visited , .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db:active { border:0!important; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db:active , .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uaa3bcffb1f5818b0cdca2dea7edab0db:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Children in Mixed Martial Arts EssayIt almost feels like she is sitting in front off light source, and her skin is reflecting the light, not so much reflection coming from her dark dress. Finally, suffuse which seems to be used both in the landscape background and in dissolving all the pictures contours, blending and fusing them as if they are seen through a mist. This painting shows the talents of a true master, who is able to skillfully combine different techniques, and is able o blend his scientific knowledge to his paintings. Renaissance was a time of great cultural and artistic change mainly influenced by the works of ancient Greece and Rome, Through the patronage of wealthy individuals, such as Medici family in Italy, and the duke of Burgundy in Northern Europe, the art gained currency, and artists were greatly valued. Mastery of perspective helped artists to imagine and portray even more extravagant illusionists scenes. Led by the master artists, Ghetto, Van Check, Brucellosis, Leonardo, Michelangelo, and Raphael, primitive paintings of orator-like figures on flat planes were replaced by precise three dimensional illusions with true coloring.

Laertes and Hamlet Essay Example

Laertes and Hamlet Paper Hamlet does not have the character to be a revenger, he can say he words, make promises to himself and others but when faced with the situation he cannot do it. Laertes has similarities with Fortinbras in the way he conducts his revenge he too is a man of action, and unlike Hamlet ready to fight anyone who he thinks may have had something to do with his fathers death. His readiness to believe that Hamlet is responsible for all the tragic events in the court during his absence and his willingness to go farther than the King to ensure that Hamlet will be killed in the fencing are witness to this. He is a very powerful character and behaves in a way Hamlet wishes he himself could act. Laertes is extremely angry, he thinks that Polonius should have been given a better burial and this spurs on his desire for revenge. In Act IV scene V it is announced that Laertes has burst into the court with a band if men threatening the lie of the king, whom he takes to be his fathers killer. Claudius knows that he must have Laertes on his side in order to keep the Danes on his side and to hold his position as king. He is scared Laertes will lead the Danes against him. We will write a custom essay sample on Laertes and Hamlet specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Laertes and Hamlet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Laertes and Hamlet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer So, almost immediately he devises a plan to keep Laertes on his side and protect himself from Hamlet at the same time. In other words, he uses Laertes to scheme against Hamlet, to save his own life. When Laertes returns from France Claudius jumps on the opportunity provided by Laertes fury at his fathers death. The King skilfully quietens Laertes and leads him to the plot by which Laertes will be the instrument of Hamlets death, as the king desires. Claudius spends a lot of time convincing Laertes of his innocence and Hamlets guilt, and hegoes on persuading Laertes until his mind is made up for him: he is determined to kill Hamlet. This is exactly what Claudius wanted and Laertes is now so angry at Hamlet he is prepared to do anything. Claudius is very sneaky in how he goes about talking to Laertes. And where thoffence is let the great axe fall. (Act IV scene v Line 213). Here is shown to already be fuelling Laertes desire for revenge and he is leading him straight to Hamlet. The King finishes his work of convincing Laertes that Hamlet, not he himself, is guilty of Poloniuss death and Ophelias madness. At first Laertes mistrusts him: why is Hamlet still free? The king makes a good case: he will not kill him for fear of alienating his queens affection, and, the people of Denmark love their prince. Instead he whips Laertes into a passionate desire for vengeance on Hamlet. In Act IV scene vii when the messenger brings the letters from Hamlet, Claudius is shocked Hamlet is still alive but does not allow it to weaken his control over Laertes. Laertes is desperate at this point having learned of his fathers death and seen Ophelia in a terrible state right before his eyes, and he unlike Hamlet, helped by encouragement from Claudius is ready to take revenge. Im lost in it, my lord. But let him come; It warms the very sickness in my heart, That I shall live and tell him to his teeth, Thus diddest thou. (Act IV, Scene VII Lines 53-56). Laertes is very active in his thoughts of revenge, he doesnt hold back; this is very different to Hamlets behaviour. Although Laertes does let Claudius take control of his revenge, not because he isnt capable of doing it himself but because Claudius provides such a good case that he should do it and Laertes should just focus on actually killing Hamlet. Throughout this scene Claudius builds up Laertes desire for revenge to such a point that Laertes is even prepared to take Hamlets life in a church. Claudius needs Hamlet out the way as soon as possible but is very devious and in his speech to Laertes drops no hints that any of the revenge he is planning on Hamlet is for his own purpose. That we would do, We should do when we would; for this would changes (Act IV, Scene VII Lines 118-119). Claudius tells Laertes that they should do at once what they want to do kill Hamlet or otherwise they will be influenced not to like Hamlet. This is ironic because Hamlets actions are continually put off by thought. Claudius is deadly, he has everything planned out the fencing the poisoning and he has Laertes to do the deed for him who has the motive to leave Claudius free of any blame. Laertes, like Fortinbras, has revengeful characteristics. It is not hard for him to think about murder and he agrees to Claudius plans straightaway he doesnt delay his actions, unlike Hamlet. This shows the audience the great difference in personalities between the revenge characters. When Laertes learns of Ophelias death it adds to his rage and his desire to kill Hamlet. Laertes is distraught at his sisters death, especially the way in which her funeral service was carried out, this adds to his hatred of Hamlet and leads to their fight in Ophelias grave when both characters seem prepared to kill each other. Fortinbras is not one of the main characters in the play, but he is always somewhere in the background. He is a definite man of action willing to fight whoever whenever. He is also very clever, in his first appearance in Act IV Scene IV, when he and his army are on an expedition to Poland to fight over a piece of disputed territory. The audience may realise that Fortinbras perhaps has an alterior motive to pass through Denmark on the way to Poland linked to his desire for revenge. He is perhaps passing through to see whats going on, to see whether an invasion would be a good idea at that particular point in time. Unlike Laertes and Hamlet, Fortinbras revenge is laid out to him on a plate; he barely has to lift a finger before he finds himself in the perfect position to take over Denmark. The most we see of Fortinbras is in the last scene after nearly all of the main characters have been killed. This quarry cries on havoc. O proud death, What feast is toward in thine eternal cell, That thou so many princes at a shot So bloodily hast struck? (Act V Scene II Lines 346-349). Here Fortinbras is basically saying that the heap of bodies cry out for merciless slaughter in revenge (havoc). To cry havoc was to give army the signal to break ranks and plunder what they had conquered. Fortinbras realises the opportunities now open for him, now that the royalty of Denmark are dead and he seizes these opportunities. I have some rights of memory in this kingdom, Which now to claim my vantage doth invite me (Act V Scene II Lines 371-372). Fortinbras knows he has the rights to the crown of Denmark, as well as to Norway, and now the opportunity invites him to claim his rights. Horatio tells Fortinbras that Hamlets dying wish was that Fortinbras would take the throne. Hamlet realised what would be best for Denmark and its future. Fortinbras is a replacement approved by Hamlet himself. This is how Shakespeare ends the play. The final scene is the climax of the revenge theme in the play. The three characters are each involved and each gets their revenge in one way or another. Laertes kills Hamlet with his poisoned foil. Hamlet kills Claudius though even at this point in the play Hamlet is avenging his mothers death not only his fathers and it is perhaps this a murder committed right before his eyes- which actually forces him to kill Claudius and when he does it is particularly striking that at this moment Hamlet utters not one word concerning the assassination of his father. Fortinbras arrives at the court to find the King Queen and heir to the throne dead and the position as king of Denmark wide open to him, none of which is through his own doing. Fortinbras symbolises the outside world breaking into the play the court destroying the vicious circle of love, hate and revenge. It is therefore very important. He provides a contrast to the rotten, poisoned state of Denmark. In Conclusion, revenge is one of the most important themes within hamlet. The differences in the ways Hamlet, Laertes and Fortinbras conduct their revenge lead to many of the events throughout the play and raise their interest value to the audience. The revengers are wholly responsible for the dramatic climax at the end of the play and the many deaths within it. Even though Claudius helps Laertes, and Hamlet should have taken his revenge much earlier on in the play. The final event of Fortinbras gaining the title King of Denmark is the climax of the revenge theme. The play begins with showing the strict security at Denmark because they fear invasion from Norway, but it ends with the Court of Elsinore and the position of ruler held within it left wide open for Fortinbras to take. This shows the total collapse of Denmark caused by the corruption and the revenge led by the characters throughout the play. Claudius efforts to kill hamlet paid off, but he got killed in the process, as well as his wife, therefore losing his position as King. Hamlet got revenge on Claudius but it was perhaps not justified. Laertes got his revenge on Hamlet but in the end made peace with him by asking Hamlet for an exchange of forgiveness, he wants them to die as friends. Many people have questioned why hamlet delayed his revenge, but there really is nothing surprising about it. It is one of the ways in which Shakespeare links hamlet to everyday life, to show him as human. It is the nature of all human beings to put off a searching task or an impelling duty involving something disagreeable or worse. (A man who has to write a difficult letter will tidy his desk e.g. before he begins). So with Hamlet; the delay is simple and can be matched with a similar inclination in us all. Shakespeare humanized Hamlet; the evidence talked about in this essay suggests that Hamlet is really delaying action because it is human to do so, and not part of his character. The events of the last scene are not what the audience would have expected to happen. One way to explain this is that Shakespeare wanted to disrupt the conventions of classical tragedy, which he may have seen as too heavily laden with stereotypes. His Macbeth, Othello, Brutus, even his King Lear, are, from the first act, so imprisoned in conventional attitudes that they become perfectly predictable. But, not in Hamlet; Shakespeare surprises us at each turn, it is the unpredictable, which dominates, and the final scene has only tenuous connections with the first act. Maybe Shakespeare chose in the final analysis only to present the themes, which for him had any fundamental importance: doubt and uncertainty therefore perhaps anticipating the theatre of the absurd and making it so popular.

How to Prepare Aqua Regia Acid Solution

How to Prepare Aqua Regia Acid Solution Aqua regia is an extremely corrosive mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acid, used as an etchant, for some analytical chemistry procedures, and to refine gold. Aqua regia dissolves gold, platinum, and palladium, but not the other noble metals. Heres what you need to know to prepare aqua regia and use it safely.​​ Fast Facts: Aqua Regia Aqua regia is a corrosive acid mixture made by combining nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.The usual ratio of acids is 3 parts hydrochloric acid to 1 part nitric acid.When mixing the acids, it is important to add the nitric acid to the hydrochloric acid and not the other way around.Aqua regia is used to dissolve gold, platinum, and palladium.The acid mixture is unstable, so it is usually prepared in small amounts and used immediately. Reaction to Make Aqua Regia Here is what happens when nitric acid and hydrochloric acid are mixed: HNO3  (aq) 3HCl (aq) → NOCl (g) 2H2O (l) Cl2  (g) Over time, nitrosyl chloride (NOCl) will decompose into chlorine gas and nitric oxide (NO). Nitric acid auto-oxidizes into nitrogen dioxide (NO2): 2NOCl (g) → 2NO (g) Cl2  (g) 2NO (g) O2  (g) → 2NO2(g) Nitric acid (HNO3), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and aqua regia are strong acids. Chlorine (Cl2), nitric oxide (NO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are toxic. Aqua Regia Safety Aqua regia preparation involves mixing strong acids. The reaction produces heat and evolves poisonous vapors, so its important to follow safety protocols when making and using this solution: Make and use aqua regia solution inside a fume hood, with the sash down as much as is practical to contain the vapors and protect against injury in case of splashing or glassware breakage.Prepare the minimum volume needed for your application.Make sure your glassware is clean. In particular, you dont want any organic contaminants because they can produce a vigorous or violent reaction. Avoid using any glassware that may be contaminated with a chemical containing a C-H bond. Do not use the finished solution on any material containing an organic.Wear safety goggles.Wear a lab coat.Wear gloves.If you get drops of any of the strong acids on your skin, wipe them off immediately and rinse with lots of water. If you spill acid on clothing, remove it immediately. In the  case of inhalation, move immediately to fresh air. Use the eyewash and seek emergency medical attention in case of eye contact. In the  case of ingestion, rinse the mouth with water and do not induce vomiting.Neutralize any spills with sodium bicarbonate or similar compound. Remember, its best to neutralize a  strong acid with a weak base and not a strong base. Prepare Aqua Regia Solution The usual molar ratio between concentrated  hydrochloric acid and concentrated  nitric acid is HCl:HNO3 of 3:1. Keep in mind, concentrated HCl is about 35%, while concentrated HNO3 is about 65%, so the volume ratio is usually 4 parts concentrated hydrochloric acid to 1 part concentrated nitric acid. A typical total final volume for most applications is only 10 milliliters. Its unusual to mix up a large volume of aqua regia.Add the nitric acid to the hydrochloric acid. Do not add hydrochloric to nitric!  The resulting solution with be a fuming red or yellow liquid. It will smell strongly of chlorine (although your fume hood should protect you from this).Dispose of leftover aqua regia by pouring it over a large amount of ice. This mixture may be neutralized with a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution or 10% sodium hydroxide. The neutralized solution may then be safely poured down the drain. The exception is used solution that contains heavy metals. A heavy metal-contaminated sol ution needs to be disposed of according to your local regulations. Once you have prepared aqua regia, it should be used when its fresh. Keep the solution in a cool location. Do not store the solution for an extended length of time because it becomes unstable. Never store stoppered aqua regia because pressure build-up could break the container. Another potent acid solution is called chemical piranha. If aqua regia isnt suitable for your needs, piranha solution may be what you need.

Gap Inc. SWOT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gap Inc. SWOT - Essay Example This essay stresses that poor management made the Gap’s core stores its worst competition. Under CEO Paul Pressler, the same products were carried in the Gap, Old Navy and the Banana Republic at different price points. Frustrated consumers stopped going. The Gap failed to keep its brands diversified. Originally Old Navy was the Gap’s bargain basement store. Consumers could go there and find cost effective clothing. Thanks to Pressler, consumers went their to get discount prices on Gap products. This paper makes a conclusion that the Gap’s management continued to create more problems for the company. The Gap started cloning itself by creating the GapMaternity, GapKids, BabyGap and others. This expansion hurt both the individual stores and the entire chain. Each new store requires employees, utilities and rent. The deluge of stores with specialized Gap products cut into the corporation’s profitability. Gap Inc is an international company. Having stores in several countries protects it from local economic downturns, recessions or depressions. The Gap’s competitors provide better customer service and adapts better to the fickle fashion climate. All of these companies are significantly smaller than the Gap and are able to implement changes quicker. The Gap is also vulnerable to US government regulation. China apparel and textile restrictions are in effect until December 31, 2008. A change or increase in these restrictions could raise production costs.

Assingment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Assingment - Assignment Example These include annolighting a text; annotating a text; frame of reference; key concept synthesis; and inferential reading (Greece Central School District). As mentioned above, the chosen lesson topic is the making of apple pie, and for this the plans for reading strategies before, during and after reading are straightforward. Before reading, the plan revolves around using the frame of reference strategy. This is to essentially contextualize the making of apple pie using my knowledge of other processes that are similar to making apple pie, to ground my thinking and relating processes. During reading, my chosen strategy is to annotate the text. This is to make sure that I cover all of the text, and not miss out on important points. Suggested texts here are the different recipes for making apple pie, from what geographies, and the inherent challenges in each set of recipes. Evaluation of learning here would be based on how well students are able to cover the many different details of the process. For after reading, the chosen strategy is Key Concept Synthesis. This is to make sure the students are able to grasp the big picture after absor bing the details (Greece Central School

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Economics - Essay Example In doing, economic analysis equally considers the assumptions and constraints in application. At the same time, it considers opportunity costs, probable benefits, and social costs related to a certain economic venture. However, the main objective of an economic analysis is to determine how to allocate goods and services using the most accurate economic tools. Additionally, economic analysis defines how government policies and changes in standard rules in the market can affect the stakeholders. Economic analysis involves cost-benefit analysis to ascertain the level of the gains compared to the losses with an aim of maximizing the gains. Economic analysis equally involves welfare analysis that seeks to foster cost-benefit analysis in relation to promoting social responsibility. Therefore, it establishes the viability of a project, the fiscal impact, the possibility of recovering costs, social welfare, and environmental compliance. As such, economic analysis is most beneficial if it tak es place at the initial stages since at later stages it can only determine the going concern of the project2. To achieve this, economic analysis relies on various economic theories, economic models, and economic concepts as articulated by various economists. In arriving at conclusive answers, it uses measurable monetary terms like profits and losses as well as no measurable terms like human suffering and effects on the environment. This paper will carry out an economic analysis on an economic article using relevant economic theories/concepts. Economic theories/concepts Different economists have taken time to research and come up with respective economic theories. Some of the famous economic theorists include Karl Marx, Adam Smith, Friedrich Hayek, John Maynard Keynes, and Milton Friedman3. Indeed, Adam Smith came up with the modern economic theory that sought to establish that individuals pursue their own interests in producing the required goods and services in the market. He concl uded that an invisible hand, competition, supply and demand, and self-interest are responsible for allocating scarce resources in the society4. Karl Max on the other hand invented the modern communism theory by incorporation politics in economics. He concluded that workers are part of the production and should thus own part of the production process. However, this theory did not consider profit sharing, incentive, and worker safety standards. On the other hand, Milton Friedman came up with the consumption theory, that later became the monetarism theory. According to him, the government can modulate a natural rate of unemployment at the expense of inflation. He was thus against government regulation and advocated for free market economics. Other theories include classical economics, Keynesian economics, and market socialism theories. We equally have economic concepts that have significant application in economic analysis. Economic concepts include Scarcity that leads to opportunity c ost. We also have limits on production that include capital, labor, and natural resources. Then we have globalization that generates costs and benefits. Additionally, there is the Economic growth that emanates from future investments. Moreover, we have the forces of demand and supply that determine market equilibrium. Furthermore, we have unemployment that defines underutilization of available resources. In addition, Government, business, and individuals gauge the costs and benefits of a given project. Indeed,

A Violation Of Womens Human Rights

A Violation Of Womens Human Rights Violence against women commonly known as gender-based violence refers to violent acts ‎committed against women with the victims gender as a primary motive. ‎Violence against women is very common especially in developing third world countries and even ‎in countries with over suppressed societies for example in many regions of the Middle East. ‎Even in developed and modern nations still today gender- based violence is not totally ‎eliminated and still exists though comparatively the rate is lower than the underdeveloped and/ or ‎developing countries. ‎ It is like a plague that has engulfed and destroyed many homes and families and a situation that ‎needs to be addressed with complete focus as a healthy society produces healthy generations ‎which in turn results in healthy and prosperous nations. For years the problem has never been ‎addressed seriously and so far has ruined families and disturbed the society at large majorly due ‎to lack of awareness among the individuals.‎ The ever increasing day to day mechanical lives and expensive living cost is causing more stress ‎and depression in individuals, the matter instead of being curtailed by various relevant law ‎enforcing agencies, NGOs and concerned state organizations the occurrences of violence ‎incidents against women is on high increase. ‎There is a dire need to find ways to stop this as crises intervention cannot only address and ‎simplify the situation rather more serious steps are needed to curtail the devastating effects that it ‎has on children and families.‎ Every year millions of women are affected world over and majority of cases do not come on ‎record nor handed lawfully and this ignorance results in gradual increase in such unacceptable ‎acts against women. We will all agree here that such violence against women leads to physical ‎and psychological harm both, and at times the psychological scars are impossible to treat thus ‎damaging the personality of the subject woman for life time.‎ If a woman suffers such physical and emotional harm the whole society suffers and the final ‎impact is the suffering of the entire society. Thus this raises serious health concerns and requires ‎immediate action and prevention from violence from those who are the policy makers and various ‎agencies responsible for stopping this violence. ‎ The affected suffers from loss of trust, loss of dignity and a deeply compromised self esteem ‎that needs to be addressed along with factors like housing, economic support, social welfare and ‎legal issues being an integral part of the health promotion strategy. ‎The most common form of violence experienced by women globally is physical violence inflicted ‎by an intimate partner, with women beaten, forced into sex or otherwise abused.‎ In a study conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO) it was found that between 15% ‎and 70% of women experience physical and/ or sexual violence by a partner. ‎ According to a United Nations report at least one out of every three women around the world ‎has been abused some way or the other in her lifetime and that too by someone known to her.‎ According to a WHO report the impact of this gender- based violence on the society is deep and ‎directly burdens the health care services as women suffer serious physical injuries, death, sexually ‎transmitted diseases, miscarriages, acute depression and many other psychological health issues ‎resulting in weak and low physical health. And the states have to bear heavy economical costs in ‎billions per year.‎ A 2003 report by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that the ‎costs of intimate partner violence in the United States alone exceed US$5.8 billion per year: ‎US$4.1 billion are for direct medical and health care services, while productivity losses account ‎for nearly US$1.8 billion.‎ We can have an idea of existence of this gender-based violence in various parts of the world ‎from the figures collected by the WHO while carrying out a study in 11 countries and according ‎to this study; ‎ The percentage of women who had been subjected to sexual violence by an intimate partner ‎ranged from 6 per cent in Japan to 59 per cent in Ethiopia. ‎Several global surveys suggest that half of all women who die from homicide are killed by their ‎current or former husbands or partners. ‎In Australia, Canada, Israel, South Africa and the United States, 40 to 70 per cent of female ‎murder victims were killed by their partners, according to the World Health Organization.‎ In Colombia, every sixth day one woman is reportedly killed by her partner or former partner. ‎Psychological or emotional violence by intimate partners is also widespread.‎ Up to 70 per cent of women experience violence in their lifetime, according to country data ‎available.‎Women aged 15-44 are more at risk from rape and domestic violence than from cancer, car ‎accidents, war and malaria, according to World Bank data. ‎ Female genital mutilation (FGM), defined by WHO as the partial or total removal of the external ‎genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs WHO estimates that between 100 to 140 ‎million girls and women have undergone some type of FGM. Most of those affected live in 28 ‎countries in Africa, although there are some in the Middle East and it also happens among ‎immigrant communities in some countries in Western Europe.‎ Rape and dowry related violations are also very common resulting in harassment of brides and ‎also dowry related deaths, particularly in certain parts of India and other southern Asian ‎countries. This violence is exercised not only by the husband but also by the husbands close ‎relatives (mother, brothers, and sisters). ‎ Acid throwing in some Asian countries such as Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan, the disfiguring ‎of women by throwing acid or burning them are forms of violence rooted in gender inequality, ‎but the immediate reason for this is often disputes concerning marriage and dowry. While this is ‎not one of the most prevalent forms of violence against women, its consequences are dire for ‎those women subjected to it. ‎ ‎ Honor killings this is the murder of a woman, usually by a brother, father, or other male family ‎member, because she has allegedly brought shame to her family. This phenomenon is rooted in ‎the notion of male honor and female chastity that prevails in many countries in the Eastern ‎Mediterranean region. It means a mans honor is linked to the perceived sexual purity of the ‎women in his family. If a woman engages in sex outside marriage or even if she is raped, she is ‎thought to disgrace the family honor. In some societies, the only way to cleanse the family honor ‎is by killing the woman/girl.‎ This kind of violence against women and girls is exercised also in western European countries ‎within immigrant families. It is generally referred to as honor killings-a rather misleading ‎term as the connection with honor is difficult to understand in most cultures. The term murder ‎in the name of honor has been suggested. ‎ There was this case of honor killing of 3 daughters and their mother who was murdered in ‎Canada and bodies dumped under a bridge by their own father with the help of his second wife ‎who were immigrants there and belonged to an Asian country. ‎ In Saudi Arabia where I used to visit frequently almost every year as my spouse was working in ‎Jeddah I witnessed many cases where in men when going for work locked their wives from ‎outside till the time they were back home in the evenings the reason being lack of trust on their ‎spouse and during one such incidence the house caught fire due to short circuit and the wife, ‎maid and an infant child were rescued by the neighbors through apartment windows as the door ‎to the house was locked from outside by the husband who had left for work. I left the site ‎wondering how much black smoke these three must have inhaled especially the infant child and ‎what effect it would have had on their lungs?‎ With the passage of time and increasing awareness especially in girls / women due increasing ‎literacy rates among women such violation is now getting well recognized as a public health ‎problem and human rights violation of worldwide. ‎ The states and working organizations for prevention and betterment of societies are now realizing ‎how this relates directly to the public health sector.‎ More and more need have arise to take appropriate measures and proper trained health workers ‎are being placed close to the victims of such violation who are also well acquainted with the ‎community they work for and its inhabitants.‎ The local health services and communities need to play their role and create awareness among the ‎public to prevent such incidents. ‎ The Central and Federal government bodies need not only to make strict laws for the prevention ‎of gender-based violence but ensure effective implementation as well.‎ The most effective way to reduce tolerance towards violence against women is to openly debate ‎the subject as still there is limited knowledge regarding most workable interventions for the ‎prevention of gender- based violations.‎ References †¢ ‎ www.health.state.mn.us/divs/hpcd/chp/hpkit/index.htm †¢ http://futureofchildren.org/futureofchildren/publications/docs/‎ †¢ http://heapro.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/suppl_1/25.full †¢ Violence Against Women the United Nations ‎ www.un.org/en/events/endviolenceday//UNiTE_TheSituation_EN.‎ †¢ Violence against women Gunilla Krantz, Claudia Garcia-Moreno †¢ http://www.wikigender.org/index.php/Violence_against_women

Lou Gerstners IBM :: Lou Gerstner IBM

Lou Gerstner's IBM 1. What struggles does Lou Gerstner face in his plan to make IBM network-centric? Consider internal and external impediments. In order to make Lou Gerstner’s plan effective he had to make many changes with in the IBM company. Gerstner set up a team with Jerry York and Richard Thoman along board. Some changes that were made with in IBM were, a cut back on employment, reduced expenses, and a stronger customer service. Gerstner and his new team based their plans on computer networks and the products needed to help IBM reach their future goals for the company. Some struggles Gerstner faced would be, the cut back in employment, I think this would have hurt his plan because I would have slowed down the production of the IBM products also high costs with no revenue would hurt his plan until he could work and fix the problems. Another problem Gerstner was faced with would be the process of getting lost customers back to buy IBM products. 2. Must IBM’s basic corporate culture change in order to meet Gerstner’s goal? Explain. I think that IBM’s corporate culture would have changed because IBM is following a new structure in order to achieve Gerstner’s goals.. Since employment would be cut back that means that the workers that did stay would have longer hours . Another thing that would change would be the quality and advancement of the products, since the expense cost would be cut down , the quality of the products would decrease. Being the expense cost declined the would be no room for advancing the products and keeping up with the competitors. 3. What strengths does IBM possess that make Gerstner’s plan achievable? How do Gerstner’s strategies incorporate those strengths? IBM is a well known name and it’s been around for a long time. I would buy a product from a company who has a good reputation rather then from a brand new company I’ve

Accounting Estimates and Policy Essay

Disclosure of significant sources of estimation uncertainty and judgments in applying accounting policies are two important requirements in financial reporting, although these are the most subjective and complex areas, they are of significance in making business decisions to users of financial statements. This paper compares our company’s current accounting practice with the requirements in respective accounting standards in relation to disclosure of sources of estimation uncertainty and judgments in applying accounting policies with the aim the identify any gaps between these two which may trigger ASIC’ reviewers attention. It takes a look first at the requirements in respective accounting standards (Chapter 2). It then examine the current accounting practices in our company (Chapter 3 and 4) and identify the gaps between company’s practice and accounting standard (Chapter 5). At the end recommendations are made for a better-compliant report (Chapter 6). Requirements in accounting standards The disclosure of significant sources of estimation uncertainty and judgments in applying accounting policies should be disclosed separately in the financial reports. Not only the nature of estimates should be disclosed but also the sensitivity analysis to these estimates should be included. Judgments in terms of whether the nature and the amounts are relevant to the company’s operation are critical in applying the respective accounting policies. See more:Â  Mark Twain’s Humorous Satire in Running for Governor Essay Company’s accounting practices Estimations disclosed are impairments for intangible goods, provision for restoration and rehabilitation, employee benefits, estimation of useful lives of assets and ore reserve and revaluation estimates. judgments in applying accounting polices are disclosed in two areas which are depreciation of non-financial tangible goods and taxations. Identifying the gaps Our company prepared the financial statements in compliance to Australian Accounting Standard. However there are minor gaps between our company’s practice and the requirements in accounting standards in terms of content and manner. More significant disclosure could have been made the structure can be improved. Conclusion and recommendations Disclosures about timing in revenue recognition, classification of finance leases and operating leases and going concern could have been included, since they are relevant to our company’s operating and can better assist users in evaluating our company’s performance. The disclosure of estimates and judgments should be disclosed in separate notes since it is required by AASB 101. 1 Introduction ASIC announced recently that one of its focusing area would be the disclosure of entities’ estimates and accounting policy judgements.This is because some entities did not make material disclosure of sources of estimation uncertainty and significant judgments in applying accounting policies, while these disclosures, though subjective and complex, are critical factors in business decision-making. The purpose of this report is to identify any gaps between our company’s current accounting practice and the requirements of accounting standards by firstly looking at the requirements set out in the related accounting standard, then to carry out an examination of the current accounting practice of our company accordingly. The report will then compare the information collected and identify any compliance with or deviation from AASB requirements in regards to disclosure in estimates and accounting policy judgments, and discuss recommendations for a better compliance report to meet the satisfaction of ASIC reviewers. 2 Requirements in respective accounting standards AASB 101 paragraph 112-133 specifically state the requirements for material disclosures of sources of estimation uncertainty and the significant judgments used in applying accounting policies. 2.1 Requirements for disclosures of sources of estimation uncertainty According to AASB 101 paragraph 125-129 which relate to disclosure of sources of estimation uncertainty. entities are required to disclose estimates at the reporting date that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year (AU AASB 101.125). for these assets and liabilities, details of their nature and their carrying amount at the end of reporting period are required. To determine the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, estimations for the effect of future events are needed. for example, when the recent market value is absent, future-oriented estimates are of necessity in measuring recoverable amount of property, plant and equipment. Other examples can be long term employee benefits, or provision liability which subject to future results of legal events. The manner of the disclosures should be in a way that can assist users of the financial statements to comprehend the judgments that managements makes about the future and other sources of estimation uncertainty, usually users will expect to have the nature of the assumptions or other estimation uncertainty and the extent of sensitivity disclosures provided for the estimates. However, in some cases when the extent of possible effects the sources of estimation uncertainty at end of reporting period become impracticable, the entity should state that a material adjustment to the carrying amount of the asset or liability may be required if the outcomes within the next financial period are different from the assumption. 2.2 Requirements for disclosure of judgments in applying accounting policies According to AASB 101 paragraph 117-124, requirements for disclosure about judgments used in applying accounting policies are set out. ‘Judgments’ are defined as ‘apart from those involving estimations, that management has made in process of applying the entity’s accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognized in the financial statement (AU AASB 101.122). Two important elements to be disclosed are judgments about the measurement basis used in preparing financial statements and the other accounting policies. Judgments in terms of the relevance in applying a particular accounting policies should be exerted since management needs to consider whether the disclosure would assist users in understanding the financial position and performance of the company. it is noted that not only AASB 101, but other accounting standards such as AASB 116 (disclosur e of the measurement bases used for classes of property, plant and equipment) also states the requirements for judgments. what should be taken into account when applying a particular accounting policy are the nature of the entity’s operations and the policies that users of financial statements would expect to look at. for example, users would expect a manufacturing company to disclose its accounting policies for depreciation and revaluation on property, plant and equipment. or, users concerning about the entity’s income taxes would expect the entity to disclose information on accounting policies for income taxes, including deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets. it may be the case that even the amount for certain assets and liabilities are not material, but because it is highly relevant to the entity’s operation, then professional judgments are needed when applying the accounting policies. 3 Company’s current accounting practice—Resources of estimation uncertainty The disclosures of significant accounting estimates and assumptions are examined in note 2 to the financial statement, there are seven estimations made for the financial reports, the ones that deserve attention to are impairment of goodwill and intangibles with indefinite useful lives, provision for restoration and rehabilitation, employee benefits, estimation of useful lives of assets and ore reserve and resource estimates. 3.1 Impairment of good will and intangibles with indefinite useful lives detailed disclosure about the assumptions and estimates used in calculating the impairment value are * Discount rate: it requires management’s estimate of the time value of money, in the financial report, weighted average cost of capital of the entity and business risk specific to the unit are accounted for the calculation. * Market conditions: management made assumptions on key domestic market segment activity including construction, mining, agriculture and manufacturing, and also assumptions on GDP, CPI as well as long-term exchange rates for AUD/USD and NZD and made sure they are consistent with external information. * Sensitivity to changes in assumptions: management considered that the carrying amount of the CGUs would not exceed their recoverable amount given any changes from the above assumptions. 3.2 Provision for restoration and rehabilitation the provisions include future cost estimates in relation to dismantling, closure and decontamination of various site, and the calculation for these requires assumptions on application of environmental legislation, available technologies and consultant cost estimates. Since these factors are subject to changes in the future, updates need to be made periodically. in Note 18, three main categories are provision for restoration and rehabilitation, provision for legal customer claims(legal fees) and provision for restructuring. 3.3 Employee benefit employment benefit such as long service leave would require estimation on future salary, discount rate and the years that the employee may work for our company. Other actuarial assumptions are applied when calculating defined benefit plans for employees. 3.4 Estimation of useful lives of assets basing on historical experience, management made the estimation of the useful lives of assets .The condition of the assets is assessed at least annually and considered against the remaining useful life, adjustments are made accordingly. 3.5 Ore reserve and resources estimates This is the estimation of the amount that can be extracted economically and legally from the entity’s mining properties, the calculation is based on the geological judgments and other factors such as foreign exchange rates, commodity prices and the size and grade of the ore body. 4 Company’s current accounting practice—judgments in applying accounting policies Judgments in applying accounting policies were disclosed in Note 2 under ‘Significant accounting estimates and judgments’. Two significant accounting judgments are identified in Note 2, being ‘impairment of non-financial assets other than goodwill and intangibles with indefinite useful lives’, and ‘Taxation’. 4.1 Impairment of non-financial tangible assets Our company take into account the relevant factors, such as business performance, technology, economic and political environments and future business expectations when assesses the impairment of all assets. management decides that the recoverable amount of the asset is determined if an impairment indicator exists. for the financial period ended 30 June 2012, management regarded that the indicators of impairment were significant enough so that assets have gone through impairment tests and recoverable amounts were determined. 4.2 Taxation Our company is subject to income taxes in Australia and jurisdiction where foreign operations apply. While ultimate tax on transactions and calculations are uncertain, judgments is required in assessing whether deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are recognized on the balance sheet and the application of certain income tax legislation. Because there is risk and uncertainty involved in making judgments, there is a possibility that the amount of tax assets and liabilities recognized on the balance sheet would be impacted if there are changes in future circumstances, resulting in a change to income statement. Judgment is also exerted when determining whether deferred tax assets should be recognized, and it is based on that highly considerable likeliness that the tax losses can be recovered by sufficient future taxable profits. 5 Comparisons between company’s current accounting practices and accounting standard requirements It is important that our disclosures are in compliance with the requirements in Australian Accounting Standard Board. After the explanation of AASB101 and the examination of the note to our financial statements, the following points should deserve attention from the board: 5.1 Disclosure compliance Our financial statements disclose and only disclose the critical judgments about the application of accounting policies, and major sources of estimation uncertainty inherent in assets and liabilities, the information provided is appropriately tailored to our company’s circumstances, for example, our company is subject to income taxes, therefore the policies of calculation of income taxes, recognition of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are disclosed in note 1 to the financial statements. Since we are material company, ore reserve is highly relevant to our operating activity, therefore the estimation for ore reserve is disclosed in note 2 listing the factors we took into account when preparing the financial statements. 5.2 Content of disclosure the potential gap between our company’s current practice and accounting standard is that some other disclosures about judgments can be included in the notes, such as the judgments in the classification of leases as finance or operating. Although this figure is not material as shown in the financial statements, leased assets are relevant to our operating activity and should be included. 4.3 Manner of disclosure Another gap is that in AASB 101 critical judgments and major sources of estimation uncertainty should be considered separate categories, in our company’s note to financial statement, these two items are placed under the same note 2. 6 Conclusion and recommendation After the comparison between our company’s current accounting practice and the requirements in accounting standard, to better satisfy the ASIC reviewers, the following points can be noted when preparing for the financial statements: 6.1 Improvement in contents we can included some other judgments we used in applying the accounting policies, such as the classification of assets ( whether a non-financial asset held of sale, or class of financial asset), classification of leases as operating or financial leases, and going concern judgments. The lease assets amount might not be as material as others, but these are relevant to material company like us and therefore the judgment involving in choosing the accounting policies should be disclosed, and so does going concern, it is believed that the reasonable disclosures of management’s judgment on going concern can assist users in making financial decision. 6.2 Improvement in structure Critical judgments should be separately identified from the estimation uncertainties, and should be disclosed in separate notes. This is because in AASB 101 it makes clear distinction between judgments and estimations. Not only the content but also the structure and manner of presentation are critical in achieving true and fair disclosures.

As I Stand Here Ironing essays

As I Stand Here Ironing essays I Stand Here Ironing: Essay In this story, it was obvious that Emilys mother did not take on her responsibilities of being a mother as well as she should have. Many factors of how Emily was raised contributed to her actions and attitude, for example the treatment she was given by her mother. However, her mother was not the only blame for her daughters situation, Emilys father was too. He walked out on Emily and her mother when she was born saying he could no longer endure sharing the want with us in a good-bye note he wrote. Therefore, Emily didnt have a father figure throughout her life. Emily and her mother had to both suffer for how she was raised. Emily sometimes had to starve because her mother had no job, therefore she had no money. At other times, Emily would have to stay at home alone while her mother either worked or stayed out at night with her husband. Due to Emilys mother not being able to manage food and care for her, Emily was sent to a home where she would be taken care of. This incident may have affected Emily also. For at this shelter, parents could not come in physical contact, such as holding, hugging, or kissing, with their kids, which affected Emily more because when she returned home she would barely let her mother hold her or show any type of affection. Another factor that may have affected Emily when growing up was her mother tossing her between different people. When Emily was younger she was sent to live with her father while her mother attempted to make money. By the time she came back she had to start nursery school where I believe she didnt enjoy attending, which her mother assumed because of her own thoughts of how a nursery school teacher treated the children. Emily would always try to find an excuse to stay home from school. When Emilys mother would work, she would sometimes leave he ...

Introduction Essays (5809 words) - Philosophy, Ethics, Justice

Introduction Essays (5809 words) - Philosophy, Ethics, Justice Introduction Justice is a concept of moral rightness based on ethics, rationality, law, natural law, religion, equity and fairness, as well as the administration of the law, taking into account the inalienable and inborn rights of all human beings and citizens, the right of all people and individuals to equal protection before the law of their civil rights, without discrimination on the basis of race, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, color, ethnicity, religion, disability, age, or other characteristics, and is further regarded as being inclusive of social justice. Justice is not merely right determination and adjudication of disputes and enforcement of Law, but is so comprehensive in its meaning and import that it takes within its ambit the whole of political, social, juristic and moral idealism. It is so, because Justice has reference to the whole of human existence which we want to realize by our thought, will and action. The mystery of Justice cannot be unraveled by human reason, logic or language completely. It has greater appeal to human soul. Justice as reality is only fully reflected in our conscience and felt through our intuition. Jurists and philosophers have seen in the concept of justice their own ideal. To Plato Justice is realization of Good' which can be achieved in society by doing one's own duty according to one's station in life otherwise, Justice achieves Good' by retribution; .To Aristotle Justice in its general meaning is righteousness'. In its particular meaning it means proper or equitable distribution of the goods of existence, correction of wrongs and exchange of goods. The quality of being just' or right' or reasonable' may be generally termed as justice. Justice is primarily a concept of morality. It is a an ethical concept. Justice embodies an ideal and it symbolizes perfectness. Although, it is reflected in absolute truth', yet it is a dynamic idea and the realization of the ideal of justice is a continuous process. The concept of justice and it changes from time to time according to changes in people's concepts and their consciousness. In the ancient and medieval Europe, slavery and serfdom were widely justified and untouchability was also justified in India. The status of inferiority of women was justified in several societies including that in India. But today the position has drastically changed. These are at present considered as unjust. The changing outlook about social problems and the concept of human liberty and equality considerably influence the change in the concept of justice and thus, it is an evidence of the dynamic character of the idea of justice. The concept of justice is highly essential for the social existence of man. Etymology of Justice The word justice comes from its Latin root Jus' meaning right'. It has its literal meaning as binding' or fitting or tying together of things and qualities harmoniously in human life. Thus Justice becomes a means of adjustment and a measurement. The idol of Justice blindfolded with balance in hand gives the expression of balancing, weighing and impartial judging which applies to disputes and conflicts. For this purpose justice becomes the referee to give decision of victory or defeat to parties. It seems that Justice has more utility for a conflict situation. It balances principles like liberty, equality etc also. Speculation about justice grew early in western materialistic society which from the very beginning had political orientation of western society in Greece which had to deal with conflicts. In contrast to this in Indian culture there had been no loss of faith between religious authority and political authority. Indian cultural drive from the very beginning is more towards in tegration and less towards deciding the conflicts between individual, state and society interse. Law as dharma was both a verdict and a faith, political trust, the commandment of Law as well as justice. The Functional Role of Justice Though it is difficult to know the nature and content of justice yet the idea of justice has been effective in the course of centuries in performing the function of excluding arbitrariness, in providing rational method of settling disputes and in restraining the coercive powers of Law. Justice as impartiality has been recognized from the very beginning of the civilization in ancient Egypt

Huffman Trucking Knowledge Worker-Sheila Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Huffman Trucking Knowledge Worker-Sheila - Essay Example Huffman trucking company was founded by Huffman, a native of Cleveland, Ohio in 1936. The company started with a single trailer. The development of the organization was associated with the direct impact of World War II and increase in demand for carrier services between factories and ports. The fleet size increased over time, and the company created a good rapport with the United States government which continues today. The company maintained its growth from internal sales and acquisition of other carrier companies. This sustained growth enables the continued private ownership of the company (Huffmantrucking.0catch.com, 2014). Presently the company has The U.S government, automotive dealers, and electronic consumer products as some of its primary customers. The company has human facilities in Bayonne, St. Louis, MO, Los Angeles, CA and Cleveland, Ohio. The workforce includes 925 drives and 425 support personnel. In addition, the company owns and operates 800 road tractors, 260 roll on/roll of units and 800 road tractors. The ability to offer goods and services, in a timely manner gives organization a great pleasure. It is in this respect that the company does preventative maintenance on all its rolling equipment after every 25000 miles in the maintenance facility in Cleveland, Ohio (Huffmantrucking.0catch.com, 2014). The information system infrastructure is made up of critical systems which include databases, enterprise resource planning implementation, networks and communication systems that support the company’s routine operations. The company outsources 100 percent of its information systems functions. The company has a small database that stores client’s information such as marital status, former learning college details and favorite eateries. This database enables the company to monitor clients and sales. Additionally, the database stores information about the company’s executives,

Gathering instruments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gathering instruments - Essay Example Test results Interview on Increased wait-time effectiveness Teacher Tallying worksheet Teacher assessment in comparison with wait-time journaling The research will have four data sources that will be used to gather for the analysis of the experiment based on the question: What are the effects of increased wait time on the quantity of correct responses from elementary ELL students in a classroom? Data collection process is simple for the clients to comprehend following that the interview will be based on set answers, for example, a student will have to choose one option provided in the questionnaire. The first technique of gathering data will be the results obtained from the test that will be used to show the effect of increased wait-time on students. The test will have distributed grade 5 questions of different subjects including mathematics, Biology, English and Science. This test will have questions that require different cognitive levels. The researcher will then record the number of correct and incorrect responses from each of the ELL students. The test result will provide analysis on correct answers prior to increasing wait-time and after when the wait-time is increased depending on the cognitive level of the questions. The test will have 50 questions of which 10 will be read to the students for one week with normal wait-time and then a repeat of the trend for the next one week with increased wait-time . The researcher will use the test to find out whether increased wait-time has an effect on the quantity of correct responses from the two ELL students. Secondly, the researcher will conduct an interview that will be transformed into a percentile pie chart to indicate how normal wait-time (session #1) and increased wait-time (session #2) affects the quantity of correct responses from the two ELL students. For two weeks, the students will be requested to select a session, which provided sufficient time for critical thinking in giving correct responses. The re searcher will tally the interview responses to see the change in the trend of correct responses given by students. The two sessions will be formulated into a chart that will indicate the effect on the quantity of correct responses after increased wait-time is implemented. The third data collection technique will be a teachers tally on the number of correct response from the student. The quantity of correct responses after increasing wait-time will be tabulated in a table against a table that will be indicating the number of correct responses prior to increased wait-time. The table will be then analyzed used mathematical formulae to determine to determine the effect on correct responses after the implementation of increased wait-time. Lastly, the final data source will be an assessment of the responses given by the students. The researcher will assess every response given by the students in comparison with the wait-time allowed for every question. This will also include behavior asse ssment on the willingness of a student to give a response that directly affects the nature of the response, either correct or incorrect. Additionally, the researcher will analyze the effect of increased wait-time on a student’s cognitive level in responding to various questions. In conclusion, the four data sources will provide accurate data that will be analyzed collectively to

Corrections Trend Evaluation (Indi) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Corrections Trend Evaluation (Indi) - Essay Example A new theory came up, which comprised of humane ways of dealing with law breakers. It was from 1787, that hard labor, total abstinence and solitary confinement started proving to be the most effective means in re- forming law breakers, thus the course of penal history was changed and the platform for operation of institutional and community based corrections systems born (Carlson & Garrett, 1999). However, the concept of solitary confinement in review of correctional practice reveals that the emphasis on the isolation, punishment and segregation of the offender from the community, is being outdated by emerging standards of human civilization. The prevailing innovations in correctional facilities are based on the recognition that they have been effective in the goals of justice and penalty, but failed in performing the function of rehabilitation and offender reform. New models of imprisonment and corrections are being searched for, in order to protect the fundamental principles of jus tice in a democratic society. Provision for genuine implementation of society’s power over the law breakers are also being looked into (Diiulio, 1990). The reasons for this extensive trend reversal are numerous. Philosophically, the return to the simple ways regarding disciplinary action against law breakers is politically attractive, thus gaining rapid recognition. Within and without the criminal justice system, there is a large number of people who prefer the uncomplicated processes of justice. If you look at our institutions and communities from a practical perspective, you will clearly see that the prevailing criminal justice system has yielded very poor results. The rate which prisoners return to institutions due to new convictions is alarmingly high. It is the inability of the prevailing criminal justice system to curb crime and the failure of correctional facilities to correct, that has led to the failure of the corrections. The main inhibitor however is the way in whi ch the criminal justice system has been perceived in its work and mission. The definition of correction in a societal view point does not state nor imply what corrections should try to achieve. Correction institutions have many purposes, rehabilitation being only one. Although if the correctional processes were truly rehabilitative, then it should not be restricted to the convicted individual, but rather be extended to all who need them. Corrections can contribute more than it does to crime reduction, but it is sad to note the fact that in the prevailing era, the pursuit of a single purpose for corrections be it rehabilitation or punishment, is doomed to failure (Harnsberger, 2011). It is natural for human beings to resist coercion. It is evident in our institutions and communities that correctional coercion success rate is basically none existent. We can observe the concept of total system planning, which is a process that comes up with feedback from specific service area after ana lyzing and defining its problems. The total system planning process describes the mode and level of interactions between activities of one system like corrections, and those of others like law enforcement or courts. A change in any single component however small it may be, will ripple through and affect all the other components. When this concept example and consideration is applied to